Common Vocabulary Used in Mathematics

sum :The result of adding numbers
difference: The result of subtracting numbers
terms :Quantities that are added or subtracted ,In the expression 2x + 3 – 5y, there are three terms: 2x, 3, and 5y.
product: The result of multiplying numbers
factors: Quantities that are multiplied,In the expression 3m(a + b), there are two factors: 3m and (a + b).
factor: The word factor is used in a few different ways including the example above. “n is a factor of a number” means n divides exactly into the number. “To factor” means to write a number as the product of its factors.
multiple of n: A number that is exactly divisible by n
quotient: The result of dividing two numbers,In the division x ÷ y = z, x is the dividend, y is the divisor, and z is the quotient.
ratio: The quotient of two numbers, The ratio of a to b is a/b.
natural numbers: The set of numbers used for counting: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…}
whole numbers:The natural numbers and zero: {0, 1, 2 , 3, 4,…}
integers: The set: {…,-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,…}
rational numbers: The set of all numbers which can be represented as a fraction using integers
irrational numbers: The set of numbers with non-repeating, non-terminating decimals
real numbers: The set of rational and irrational numbers
variable: A symbol (usually a letter) which stands for a number
literal part of a term: Non-numerical part of a term (for example, in the term 3xy, xy is the literal part of the term and 3 is called the coefficient)
like terms: Terms with identical literal parts

مصطلحات اخري هامة


absolute value

The distance of a number from zero; the positive value of a number.


acute angle

A positive angle measuring less than 90 degrees.

acute triangle

A triangle each of whose angles measures less than 90 degrees.

additive identity

The number zero is called the additive identity because the sum of zero and any
number is that number.

additive inverse

The additive inverse of any number x is the number that gives zero when
added to x. The additive inverse of 5 is -5.

adjacent angles

Two angles that share both a side and a vertex.

arc

A portion of the circumference of a circle.

associative property of addition

(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

associative property of multiplication

(a x b) x c = a x (b x c)

average

A number that represents the characteristics of a data set.

axis of symmetry

A line that passes through a figure in such a way that the part of the figure
on one side of the line is a mirror reflection of the part on the other side of
the line.

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